Learning Korean Language

Hangeul

       Hangeul is a writing or script / Korean letters. to learn the Korean language, the ability to read and write hangul certainly is in need, even though it has there any software to convert from Hangeul writing to Latin and otherwise (romanization), but it is not as if you mastered the original letter.

before created Hangeul, the Korean society in general use chinese letters, but the letters china has a high degree of difficulty to be learned, especially for ordinary people. because of that, King Sejong who is the king of Joseon dynasty to four characters created Hangeul to facilitate people to write and read Hanja (Chinese characters)

Hangeul was first in charge as the official Korean alphabet in 1446 under the name Hunminjeongeum. in the 20th century Hunminjeongeum which is the original name of the Korean alphabet was renamed Hangeul. Hangeul officially recorded as one of the world heritage by UNESCO in 1997. It was originally Hangeul consists of 28 letters, but currently only 24 letters are in use.

Hangeul consists of vowels and consonants. vowel consists of 10 single vowels and 11 vowels. whereas consonants consists of 14 single consonant, consonant cluster 5, 7 final consonants, and 11 consonants end of the complex. but each vowel or consonant can not stand alone. to be able to write or ring it, vowels and consonants should join.

Letter Consonants

Single consonant letters:

1. ㄱ (giuk) pronunciation G or K
2. ㄴ (niun) pronunciation N
3. ㄷ (Digut) pronunciation D
4. ㄹ (Riul) pronunciation R or L to note that for the letters 'ㄹ' when its position at the top, then read a letter R, but when its position at the bottom (as a final consonant or badchim) then read as the letter 'L'

Example: 계실 겁니까 = gyesilkkeomnika? = Are you going to stay?
5. ㅁ (mium) pronunciation M
6. ㅂ (biup) pronunciation B or P
7. ㅅ (Siut) pronunciation S or T
8. ㅇ (lung) NG pronunciation
9. ㅈ (jhiut) pronunciation J or T
10. ㅊ (chiut) pronunciation CH or T
11. ㅋ (khiuk) pronunciation Q or K
12. ㅌ (thiut) pronunciation TH or T
13. ㅍ (phiup) pronunciation PH or P
14. ㅎ (hiut) pronunciation H or T

Double consonants:

1. ㄱㄱ (Ssan G dominoes), pronunciation K
2. ㄷㄷ (Ssan G Digu T), T pronunciation
3. ㅂㅂ (Ssan G Biup), pronunciation P
4. ㅅㅅ (Ssan G Siot), pronunciation S or T
5. ㅈㅈ (Ssan G Jhui T), pronunciation J


Final consonant letters (consonants / badchim), which consists of the final consonant or consonant in the put on the bottom of the syllable. all final consonant consonants can, but there are only 7 final consonant sound produced is as follows
1. K sound, symbol consists of ㄱ, ㄱㄱ, ㅋ
2. Sound N, symbol consists of ㄴ
3. L sound, symbol consists of ㄹ
4. Voice T, a symbol consisting of ㅅ, ㅅㅅ, ㄷ, ㅌ, ㅈ, ㅊ, ㅎ
5. Sound M, a symbol consisting of ㅁ
6. Sound P, a symbol consisting of ㅂ, ㅍ
7. NG sound, symbol consists of ㅇ

note:
Readings badchim (final consonant) in a letter ㅅ, ㅈ, ㅊ, ㅌ, ㄷ, ㅅㅅ, and ㅈㅈ will read consonant '' T / D ''

example:
맛 => ㅅ badchim here reading is not as "s" but read as "T" => mat

맞 => badchim ㅈ the reading as "T" and reads "mat da" instead of reading as "maj da"
Readings badchim (final consonant) "ㅂ" in Korean reading, will be read as the consonants "m"

example:

일 합니다 => ㅂ badchim Here readings as "m" => il hamnida not be read as "b" (il habnida)

갑니다 => ㅂ badchim read as "m" => gamnida. Not as gabnida
Another example of the final consonant or consonant:

ㅎ + ㅏ + = 한 ㄴ Han

ㄱ + ㅜ + = 국 ㄱ Guk
Complex final consonants:
1. ㄳ, read ㄱ (G or K)
2. ㄵ, read ㄴ (N)
3. ㄶ, read ㄴ (N)
4. ㄻ, read ㄱ (G or K)
5. ㄺ, read ㅁ (M)
6. ㄼ, read ㄹ (R or L)
7. ㄽ, read ㄹ (R or L)
8. ㄾ, read ㄹ (R or L)
9. ㄿ, read ㅂ (B or C)
10. ㅀ, read ㄹ (R or L)
11. ㅄ, read ㅂ (B or C)

Summary consonants: 14 single consonant + 5 consonant cluster

 

Vowels

Single vowel letter:
1. ㅏ = a, with matching sound like anak
2. ㅓ = eo, with matching sound like ongkos
3. ㅗ = o, with matching sound like soto
4. ㅜ = u, with matching sound like uang
5. ㅡ = eu, with matching sound like sedang
6. ㅣ = i, with matching sound like indah
7. ㅑ = ya, with matching sound like saya
8. ㅕ = Yeo, with matching sound like yogyakarta
9. ㅠ = yu, with matching sound like yuri
10. ㅛ = yo, with matching sound like yoga

Double vowels:
1. ㅐ = ae, with matching sound like cewek
2. ㅔ = e, with matching sound like ekor
3. ㅚ = oe / we, with matching sound like kowe (in Java)
4. ㅟ = wi, with matching sound like widuri
5. ㅢ = eui, with matching sounds like euy
6. ㅒ = Yae, with matching sound like trayek
7. ㅖ = ye, with matching sound like es-be-ye
8. ㅙ = wae, with matching sound like kweni
9. ㅞ = we, with matching sound like wedding
10. ㅘ = wa, with matching sound like wajah
11. ㅝ = WEO, with matching sound like jowo

for the letter 'ㅢ' has three pronunciations, namely eui, i, and e. when located at the beginning of a syllable, then say 'euy'. if located after the consonant is pronounced 'i', whereas if it serves as a marker of belonging, pronounced 'e'.


Summary vowels:

6 + 15 basic vowels derivative (+ i, + y, + w)...
 
 

for the preparation of these units are generally in the order above -> down, or top-> right-> below.

untuk make vowel syllables, example a in a word a-beo-ji, had been added consonant 'ㆁ' (lung). letter 'ㆁ' on the left untuk put the vocals with a vertical line (ㅏ, ㅓ, ㅣ, ㅑ, ㅕ) thus becomes 어, 이, 야, 여 while for vocals with a horizontal line (ㅗ, ㅜ, ㅡ, ㅠ, ㅛ ) in the put on top, so that the writing becomes 오, 우, ㆁ, 유, 요. so syllable into the following vowel.


1. 아 => A => anak
2. 야 => YA => ya
3. 어 => EO => order, cowok
4. 여 => YEO => Yogyakarta
5. 오 => O => go
6. 요 => YO => loyo
7. 우 => U => untuk
8. 유 => YU => sayur
9. 으 => EU => enyah
10. 이 => I => indah
11. 애 => AE => elok
12. 얘 => YAE
13. 에 => E => enak
14. 예 => YE
15. 외 => OI => WE (vocals combined 오 and 이)
16. 와 => OA => WA (vocals combined 오 and 아)
17. 왜 => OAE => WAE (vocals combined 오 and 애)
18. 웨 => UOE => WOE (vocals combined 우 and 에)
19. 웨 => UE => WE (vocals combined 우 and 에)
20. 위 => UI => WI (vocals combined 우 and 이)
21. 의 => EUI => EUI (vocals combined 으 and 이)

for the more easily memorize the Korean alphabet and its pronunciation, we wish to focus on a single letter first, followed by double letters (combined). on double pronunciation of the letter formed by the basic letter sounds inherent in it.

example:
1. 와 => oa (wa) we must first know and understand the letter 오 and 아, the sound that produced just follow the sound blend of both.
2. 아 => a, will read '' ya '' after an additional line '' - '' (야) that leads to the right, so the additional lines can be interpreted '' Y '' on vocals.
3. 오 => o, will read '' yo '' after adding the line that leads to the top (요).

it can be concluded that in addition to the vocal line means '' Y ''. once again the conclusion rote Korean alphabet, lies in a single letter, either as a consonant or vowel.
ㄱ (g) + ㅏ (a) = 가 (ga)
ㄴ (n) + ㅑ (ya) = 냐 (her)


for the syllables dead
ㅁ (m) + ㅗ (o) + ㄴ (n) = 몬 (mon)
ㅂ (b) + ㅜ (u) + ㆁ (ng) = 붕 (bung)
after that, the vowels can not stand alone, so it must be followed by a consonant furuf. example the letter u (ㅜ) in the word uri (us / we) can not be written ㅜ (u) 리 (ri). ㅜ letter could not be written without vowels so it should be added with ㆁ (ng)
example:
우 리 = uri, 아 빠 = Appa, 엄 마 = eomma

ㆁ (ng) be no sound when followed by a vowel. ㆁ (ng) only sound when put under.
example:
몽 (mong), 빵 (Pang), 쌍 (cang)

vowels are sideways like ㅏ (a), ㅑ (ya), ㅓ (eo), ㅕ (Yeo), ㅣ (i), ㅐ (ae), ㅔ (ye) in connection to the side
example:
가 (ga), 비 (bi), 래 (rae)

letters down ㅗ (u), ㅛ (yo), ㅜ (u), ㅠ (you), ㅡ (eu) in connection down
example:
모 (mo), 스 (seu), 푸 (pu)

syllable dead example dak, dok,, mak third letter in connection down.
example:
닥 = dak, 동 = dong, 막 = mak

Korean alphabet in the formulation wear sillaabic system, for the form a syllable or a block is composed of 2 or 3 letters and arranged from left to right or from top to bottom, depending on what the letters in stacking. for those who are still learning tips to avoid confusion, we can sikapi to see or guess the appropriateness of the placement of the letters.

if deemed feel less comfortable, we will know that it's wrong structure and otherwise. if it's in the long habit will quickly memorized how to compile it into a word or block correctly.

Korean letters when the join with the letters of the other letters to form a word, not a change in shape. so as if to say the letter hangul '' a, i, u, e, o '' if you in romanisation into Indonesian same reading of '' e, ai, yu, i, o '' this is the cause if the Korean alphabet in English romanisation to be a bit confusing for those not used. for pronounce Korean language if at romanisation to English is a bit difficult because of the accent / pronunciation between these different sound caused English and Korean language is not the same sound. if you want to learn the Korean language should not use romanization (translation) into English. no noise F, V, and Z in the Korean language. Korean language clearly does not contain all the sounds of English, and vice versa English does not contain all the sounds of the Korean language. therefore less accurately represent the English alphabet Korean voice. if someone wants to learn English, people have to learn the English alphabet and sound. and otherwise if someone wants to learn Korean language, people must learn Korean alphabet and sound. Korean pronunciation easier when in romanisation to Indonesian or Javanese language, because there are similarities pronunciation / accent. example, the pronunciation of the letter 'o' 'in the Java language: Loro (meaning two) and loro (meaning sick). or word Roso (meaning strong) and Roso (meaning flavor). because there are similarities accent, Korean people will faseh pronounce those words.

(so, i use bahasa indonesia for teach)

as an initial step in learning the Korean language, you should just memorize Korean alphabets below

 

Korean language conversation

1. Conversation basic

ESeo (에서)

에서 (ESeo) is LOCATIVE particles, which particles that explain where (in / out of place) as well as 에 (E)


- 에서 usually used with the verb 만나다 / mannada, 왔어 = wasseo and some verb again.


- 에 used after the verb, 없다, 가다, and other 오다


example:

1. 중국 에서 중국어 를 배
jung guk eseo jung gukereul baewosseo
I learned chinesse language in china

2. 어디에 갔다 왔어
Odie katda wasseoyo?
Runs out home from where?

3. 네 (예)
Ne (ye)
yes

4. 아니요
Anio
Not (not)

5. 여부 세요
Yeoboseyo
Hello

6. 안녕하세요
Annyeong-haseyo
How are you.

7. 안녕 힉 계세요
Annyeong-hi gyeseyo
goodbye

8. 안녕히 가세요
Annyeong-hi gaseyo.
Goodbye.

9. 어서 오세요
eoseo oseyo
Welcome.

10. 고맙습니다 (감사 합니다)
Gomapseumnida (gamsahamnida)
thank you

11. 헌만 에요
Cheonmaneyo. 
your welcome (equally)

12. 미안 합니다 (죄송 합니다)
Mianhamnida (joesong-hamnida)
Am sorry (sorry)

13. 괜찮 습니다
Gwaenchansseumnida
It's okay.

14. 실레 합니다
Sillyehamnida.
Go first.

Here is an example of a simple conversation korean language between Yuna (유나) and Yuri (유리):
Yuna: 어느 나라 에서 왔어요?
eoneu nara wasseoyo eso?
* You are from which country? *

Yuri: 인도네시아 에서 왔어요
indonesiaeso wasseoyo
I'm from Indonesia.

Yuna: 누르 씨 는 학생 이에요
Yuri ssi neun haksaengieyo?
Yuri is a student?

Yuri: 네, 지금 대학교 에서 한국어 를 공부 해요 
ne, jigeum daehakgyoeseo han gukeoreul gongbuhaeyo.
yes I am learning Korean language at university

Yuna: 한국 에 언제 오셨어요?
hanguke eonje ossyeosseoyo?
When to come to Korea?

Yuri: 일년전 에 솼 어요
il nyeon jeone wasseoyo
I have come a year ago

Yuna: 한국 말 을 잘 하시네요
Hanguk mareul jal hasineyo
Very clever Korean language

Yuri: 아니에요, 조금 밖에 모른 데요
anieyo, jogeum Bakke moreundeyo
Not only know a little

Yuna: 아프로 작 부탁 드립니다
apeuro jal Butak deurimnida
Going forward I ask for help

Yuri: 저도 아프로 잘 부탁 드려요
jeodo jal Butak deuryeoyo
Yeah, so I asked for his help

Yuna: 이제 가야 겠어요, 안냥 히 계세요
kaya Ije gesseoyo annyeonghi gyeseyo
I have to go, bye

Yuri: 네, 안녕히 가세요
ne, annyeonghi kaseyo
Yes, goodbye

Know the word 기 위해 (서)

기 위해: gi wihae

기 위해서: Gi wihaeseo

시 위하여: Gi wihaeyo

The words above is used to declare the reason or purpose to do something.

example:
1. 점심 먹기 위해 레 에 들어갔다
Jeomsim meoggi wihae restorange katda.
I go to restaurant for lunch

So the reason to go is 점심 먹기 위해 (jeom sim meoggi wihae) = for lunch

기 위해 (gi wihae)

읽기 위해 (ilgi wihae) = to read
쓰기 위해 (sseugi wihae) = to write
듣기 위해 (deudgi wihae) = to listen
말하기 위해 (mal Hagi wihae) = to talk
가기 위해 (Gagi wihae) = to go
오기 위해 (Ogi wihae) = to be
보기 위해 (Bogi wihae) = to see
먹기 위해 (meoggi wihae) = to eat
자기 위해 (jagi wihae) = to sleep
사기 위해 (Sagi wihae) = to buy

example:

1. 한글 을 읽기 위해 항 국어 를 공부 했 다
Hangeureul ilgi wihae hangugeoreul gong bu haetda
To be able to read Korean, I studied Korean language

2. 그녀 는 한국 에 가기 위해 비 행기 티켓 을 샀다
Geunyeoneun hanguge Gagi wihae bihaenggi tikeseul satda
She buy a plane ticket to go to korea

3. 공부 하기 위해서 대학교 에 다녀요.
Gongbuhagi wihaeseo daehakgyeo danyeoyo.
I went to school to learn.

4. 건강 을 위하여 매일 운동 해요.
Gongageul wihayeo Maeil undonghaeyo.
Every day exercise to be healthy ..

5. 친구 를 만나기 위해서 외출 할거 여요
Chingureul mannagi wihaeseo oenchulhalgeoyeyo
I went out to meet friends

to continue click Learning Korean Language 2

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